David Grewell flipped on the augers that carry corn from a truck to a biorefinery. Then, with a few more clicks of his computer mouse, he turned on the pumps that send grain all the way through an ethanol plant, from storage to hammer mill to slurry tanks to jet cooker to liquefaction, fermentation, distillation, water separation and ultimately to ethanol storage. Don't forget the centrifuges, evaporators and driers that recover distillers grains for livestock feed. All of this happened in a small office on the north side of the Food Sciences Building and the Center for Crops Utilization Research at Iowa State University. Grewell, an associate professor of agricultural and biosystems engineering, calls his virtual control room "Nintendo for biofuel nerds." But I BOS (the Interactive Biorefinery Operations Simulator) is no game. It's based on real Iowa biorefineries that are producing ethanol and biodiesel. It's designed to help students in Iowa State's biorenewable resources and technology program learn about biofuel production. And it could be used by the biofuel industry to help train employees to operate a biorefinery. "This could be the major component of a curriculum for teaching biofuels operators how to run a plant," Grewell said. "It's like a flight simulator for pilots." And like a good flight simulator, the virtual control room is calibrated to match real world performance. It's based on differential calculations that describe the fundamental transport phenomena and incorporate the principles of mass and energy conservation. The simulations also take into account more than 20 specific production attributes including moisture, starch content, contaminants, temperature and particle size. All the attributes change as biomass is converted into biofuel. And they can be changed by instructors, giving students experience with a variety of production conditions. The virtual control room is now written to simulate the operation of ethanol and biodiesel plants. It keeps track of energy consumption, production efficiency and fuel quality. It also features interactive video clips from real biofuel plants that gives students a good look at the entire production process. It can also give them an inside look at a plant emergency. The virtual control room, for example, can simulate a fire in an ethanol plant's distillation column, right down to a red emergency light flashing on the control room wall. "Students will have to respond to the fire and learn what to turn off to minimize and contain the damage," Grewell said. The virtual control room can also offer training and experience with new feedstocks and technologies. Grewell said as new ideas are developed, and as researchers understand the processes and conversions, feedstocks such as cellulose from plants or oil from algae can be written into the simulations. The virtual control room was built by Grewell, Melissa Montalbo Lomboy, a post doctoral research associate; Priyanka Chand, a doctoral student; Christopher Rempe, a senior in industrial technology; and former students David Chipman and Yuriy Gritsenko. Department of Agriculture, the Renewable Energy Group Inc. of Ames, Lincolnway Energy of Nevada, Fastek International of Cedar Rapids, Cargill, Crown Iron Works Co. and Emerson Electric Co. Grewell said there's a reason industry is helping to support the research project. "This project will increase the productivity of biorefineries," Grewell said. "Companies will be better able to train their workers. And those workers will have less of a learning curve." 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While India and China produced less than one percent of electricity from expensive oil; this ratio was 34.3 percent in Pakistan, he said. The average use of oil across the world, he added, was only 5.4 percent, adding that coal, being three to four times cheaper than oil, was the main source of producing electricity around the world. India, he said, produced 54.66 percent electricity from coal; China 73 percent; while Pakistan produced only 0.11 percent electricity from coal. He said that, globally, 41 percent of electricity was produced from coal. He said the level of bad governance could be judged by the fact that distribution losses of different electric supply companies ranged from 9.5 percent to 40 percent. He said if the distribution losses (mainly relating to power theft) were brought to the lowest level, many of the cash flow problems of the Pepco would be addressed. He said the non payment of power dues was also a major factor behind the financial woes of the Company. He said the absence of political will was the main cause of non payment. Of the Rs310 billion receivables, more than Rs142 billion were due against private consumers and the rest against government departments, he said. Maqsood Basra said that the oil run power plants were installed to generate power during peak electricity consumption in the world, however, the IPPs in Pakistan were also established to operate for four hours a day during peak electricity demand. He said that, unfortunately, due to severe power crisis in the country, they were the main suppliers of electricity in the country. He said the efficiency of private sector IPPs ranged from 45 51 percent while that of government run plants ranged from 20 25 percent. He said the efficiency of private sector plants was better because of regular repair maintenance of equipments which was not done in case of public sector plants. He said the government should restore the efficiencies of its power plants that were currently producing electricity at almost double rate at which IPPs produced power. He said that, due to gap between the electricity cost and its sales, the Pepco was facing financial crisis that it passed on to the IPPs by withholding payments. He said his power plant was established at a cost of Rs20 billion, out of which Rs14 billion was bank loan. He said the Pepco owed his company Rs10 billion which had made it impossible to buy even the oil or to service its debt. He said the plant took additional loan of Rs8 billion as working capital from banks to remain afloat. All other IPPs, he added, were facing the same problem. He warned that if payments of IPPs were not made it might adversely impact the banking sector as well. Dr Yasir Mehmood said that, by improving the efficiency of public sector power plants to the level of IPPs, the government could add 1200 MW power in the system. The investment needed for this was $200 million while, to establish new power plant of 1200 MW capacity, the investment required was $1.2 1.5 billion. He said the government would also have to change its priorities for power supplies. He said that the industry should get priority in power supply as it practiced around the world. It should be followed by commercial users and then the domestic consumers. He said denying power to industries and service sector resulted in low productivity and unemployment. He said tube well operators should be facilitated to go for solar energy. The upfront cost, he added, should be shared by the state. This, he maintained, would spare over 1,200 MW consumed by tube wells. The farmers would benefit as well because solar energy would be free after initial investment in technology, he said.
Where Can i Order Authentic Air Jordan 5 White Varsity Red Obsidian,Air Jordan 12 Low Black Patent Black Varsity Red "Fashionably late" is no longer in fashion. In today's heavily scheduled world, it is the punctual who are respected and admired. Even though most of us know this, some people are always late, no matter how much time they have to get ready. You may be one of them. Do any of the following sound familiar? You're always rushing at the last minute, even though you've promised yourself countless times that you wouldn't let this happen again. You may be punctual for work (barely) but you're usually at least 20 minutes late for meetings, appointments, class, church, theater or other non work situations. You make excuses, such as: "There was traffic," or "Something came up," or "I was going to call you but I didn't want to be even more late." People become impatient or angry at your tardiness. You believe that you are more motivated when in a time crunch, or that you move faster under pressure. If you can identify with 2 or more of the above, you have a problem with punctuality. Chronic lateness is not a psychiatric diagnosis. Nor is it a genetic condition, even though some people treat it as such. They say things like: "That's just the way I am. I don't like it, but it seems that I am incapable of being on time." "My mother was always late; I'm always late, and so are my kids." "I don't mean to be late. It just turns out that way." Chronic lateness is related to procrastination. Latecomers and procrastinators have trouble NOT with time, but with self discipline. They may also have underlying anxiety about the task they're faced with. If you have problems with being punctual, especially for things that are a bit threatening, such as doctor's appointments, new social situations, or meeting with people you don't like, then your lateness is anxiety based. Putting off the inevitable is how your mind tries to cope with anxiety. But if you are habitually late for routine business and for events that don't cause you much discomfort, then the problem is mainly with self discipline and your "inner brat," the part of you that balks at exerting itself, and at being told what to do. Here's an example of how your inner brat sabotages your efforts. So you set the alarm for 6:30 no, let's make it 6:15 just to be safe. The next morning when the alarm rings at 6:15, your inner brat says to you, "Just press the snooze button. You didn't really intend to get up till 6:30 anyway." And 9 minutes later when the alarm rings again, your inner brat says, "Just one more time. It's not 6:30 yet." You might press the snooze button 2 or 3 more times. By the time you do roll out of bed you feel a little rushed, but you convince yourself that you can still make it out the door by 7:30 . . . 7:40 at the latest. Oops what have you just done? You have inadvertently allowed your inner brat to negotiate. The 7:30 departure time is no longer firm. Now it's moved to 7:40. Plus, you have opened the door to further delay as you get closer to 7:40. As your morning routine progresses, you find several little things that didn't seem urgent last night or the day before, but which need to be taken care of right now. Checking your watch (which you've set 10 minutes fast) you see that it's 7:35. "It's really only 7:25," you remind yourself. Your inner brat adds that you have at least 15 minutes, since you can still make it to work on time if you leave at 7:40, providing traffic is not too bad. Next thing you know, it's 7:55, and you go flying around looking for your shoes, your keys or that recipe you promised to Gladys at work. Now there's no way you're going to be there by 8:00. But tomorrow for sure . . . How did this happen? You can see that the problem is not lack of time you have enough time to get ready. The problem is what you do with the time. Your inner brat distracts you, makes excuses about the urgencies of nonessential tasks, or rationalizes that you don't have to conform to a rigid schedule. And it's not just work or other obligations that your inner brat resists. It also balks at preparing for things that you're looking forward to. Just as with work, getting ready for positive events requires focus and blocking out distractions. Since these involve effort and concentration, your inner brat wants nothing to do with them. As you can see, if you want to be successful at mastering your chronic lateness, it's not enough to merely rearrange your schedule. You must also understand how your inner brat sabotages your best efforts to be on time by distorting your priorities. Once you get to know your inner brat, you'll be on your way to breaking your lateness habit. Air Jordan 5 White Varsity Red Obsidian Do you have a monkey mind that has run amok? Is there lots of chatter ricocheting around your cranium? Is there so much clamor and internal conversation that it standing room only in your head? Like the deli counter, do you need to take a number to discern which inner voice has taken over . Do you have a monkey mind that has run amok? Is there lots of chatter ricocheting around your cranium? Is there so much clamor and internal conversation that it standing room only in your head? Like the deli counter, do you need to take a number to discern which inner voice has taken over the microphone? It hard being a mental being all those woulda, coulda, shoulda all that plotting and planning, dissecting agendas and scouting out hidden agendas and subtexts. We live in the past, fretting over symbolic spilt milk. We live in the future, doubled over with anxiety at the possibility of the worst case scenario or the great cosmic shoe dropping onto our head. We can often be our very own, idiosyncratic version of Chicken Little crying, sky is falling, the sky is falling. We are so busy looking backwards and forwards, we don see the hole in front of us, and we get twisted up, knotted and very stressed. Stress and stress related illnesses are at an all time high. Dr. C. In other words, every thing counts as a potential stress factor, be it the food you eat, the air you breathe, the exercise you do or don get and your perception of reality. As a psychologist, I am particularly drawn to that perception of reality bit, because this is where the light can get tricky. Someone wise once said that reality is what we perceive. I believe that to be true. There are days when we are like ducks in the rain, all the water rolls off our backs. No worries, no fears, all those rain drops just join the pond water; and, as the duck, I merely shake off my tail feathers, and I am good to go. Then, there are other days when I am anything like a duck happily skimming the surface of the water. On those other days, I can step into a huge puddle and my shoes and pant leg get saturated, or my car battery acts fussy, or my umbrella has gone MIA, and I arrive at the big meeting drenched and dripping. In my field of psychology, there is a certain inventory measurement that asks patients to rank life events, such as a move, job change, loss of a spouse, financial worries and the like, over a two year period. The rankings are numerically weighted. The end result of this inventory is to provide a stress assessment. Stress is cumulative and, for some, their two year inventory of stress makes the Book of Job look like a musical comedy. Most of us don need a stress assessment to tell us we are stressed. However, we might need someone to remind us that we are very stressed. We go and go and go. We don eat well; we are sleep deprived, and the job or the family or life in general seems to demand more and more of our time and energy. Faster and faster become the norm. We even forget to breathe and blink. Stress is a given in today fast paced, over achieving, information overloaded and increasingly technical world. We all have it; we all know it. So, what are we to do? Relax, right? Relaxation is the antidote to stress. Relaxation allows us to recalibrate, take a deep breath or two and refind our feet. We often forget to get grounded in our bodies when we are stressed. We are so busy running the tape in our heads that we dismiss the rest of our being. We are operating from the shoulders up; it as if we are truncated at the neck. Some people cannot eat when they are stressed; others eat compulsively and quickly to stuff the burgeoning feelings. Some cannot sit still; others cannot sleep. Some get so overwhelmed they make napping an Olympic event. Whether we are in constant movement or unable to take a step, when we leave our bodies, we choose on some level of consciousness or unconsciousness not to feel the deeper, truer feelings that exist beneath the surface of stress. Herewith are a few of my favorite coping mechanisms for stress. May you find them of benefit: I know this sounds simplistic, but both laughter and crying are two of the foremost stress relievers. They have proven techniques to decrease anger, transform stress and to make your life more balanced. I find these folks to be totally cutting edge and have been a fan for many years. When we are stressed, our good habits often get waylaid with the urgency of the situation. It serves us well to reconsider some of our choices, especially as mind, body and spirit are connected. When we are emotionally vulnerable, we are also physically vulnerable. Both vitamin C and a vitamin B complex (I recommend the capsules vs. the smellier tablets) are known to help combat the effects of stress. As well know, this is another well known and well documented stress reliever. However, it doesn hurt to remind you. This will help the rhythms of your adrenal (aka or flight response) glands. When stressed, the simple carbs taste great and can soothe the soul, but think about some decent protein and veggies. If you have goodies, eat them after the meal, your blood sugar will be better regulated than eating simple sugars as your sole food group. Journal, share with a friend; talk to your dog. Do whatever it takes to makes you comfortable to stop, sit and allow the suppressed feelings to surface. The aforementioned Dr. And by relaxation, they are talking about allowing the mind and body to still, be it meditating, prayer, looking at a piece of art, being in nature or listening to soothing music. Shealy reports that two 20 minute segments of relaxation a day will decrease your body stress response by 50%. Start with 5 10 minutes twice a day and notice what happens; it really does make a difference. M m meditate? Yes, we can all do it. There is a style and form for everyone. The hardest part is showing up.
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