The eyewear has lenses that alternate between clear and opaque states, producing a strobe experience. Nearly 500 people participated in more than 1,200 training sessions and had their visual abilities tested before and after they wore the eyewear. They completed visual motor tasks, such as catching and throwing a ball, as well as computer based tests.Once the eyewear is removed, the theory goes, the brain's visual processing has been trained to see the ball's path more clearly. The Duke psychologists found subjects experienced some improvements in noticing brief stimuli and detecting small changes in motion after training with the eyewear.Anecdotally, some athletes who trained with the eyewear also report that the ball seems to have slowed down when they view it with regular vision afterwards, said Stephen Mitroff, an assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke who led the research.The strobe eyewear has lenses that alternate between clear and opaque states at eight different rates, with a constant 100 milliseconds (one tenth of a second) of clear vision between each opaque phase. At their most rapid flashing rate, the eyewear becomes opaque for 67 milliseconds, six times per second. At the slowest rate, they are opaque for 900 milliseconds, or 90 percent of each second.Participants included Duke athletes in varsity football, men's basketball and men's and women's soccer, as well as students in club teams for ultimate Frisbee, volleyball and juggling, and other undergraduates.Half of the participants trained with the strobe eyewear and the other half trained with control eyewear that was identical, but with clear lenses. All completed computer tasks that measured visual sensitivity and attention before and after training with the eyewear. The experiments were designed to evaluate whether those who wore the strobe eyewear would improve more after the training than those who wore the control eyewear, said postdoctoral researcher Gregory Appelbaum.The research was funded by Nike, which developed the eyewear and is marketing it as Nike Vapor Strobe. The Duke team presented its findings May 6 in a poster session at the Vision Sciences Society in Naples, Fla.Because this was a preliminary study, the researchers were unsure what measures would give them the clearest results. They tried several different lengths of exposure to the eyewear, different strobe rates and many physical and computer based tasks. They found performance improvements in some tests, but not in all of them.The Duke team measured slight improvements in some tests after only two 25 minute training sessions, and in both elite athletes and non athletes. In other cases, they found no changes."Our results varied, but stroboscopic training does seem to enhance vision and attention," Mitroff said. "Not every test we tried showed differences, but several showed significant improvements."For example, after training with the eyewear, participants were more sensitive to small amounts of motion. They also were better able to pick up visual details that were only available for about one tenth of a second. Preliminary data also suggest a possible improvement at a dribbling skills test with the varsity soccer players.The results show the eyewear does affect vision performance, but there is still much more to learn, said Mitroff, whose main body of research concerns the ability to see hidden objects in displays, such as security scans or radiological films. More research is needed to figure out how little or how much exposure to the eyewear has an effect, how long that effect may last and which skills are affected most."There are still many open questions," Mitroff said. "We don't know how long these effects last. 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I'm a bit nervous about the run, but I have been training a lot so I think I will be alright." Michael's mum Margaret said she is very proud of her son and is over the moon that he wants to raise money for charity. She added: "During the first two years of his life, Michael had three operations and was very, very poorly. His chest is still full of scars, we call them his war wounds." "Michael has always been very active and I am very proud that he wants to do something for charity." "He has been training very hard for this run, he's very excited." Michael will be splitting his sponsorship money between the Limehurst BLAST youth club and the specialist Kingfisher School in Chadderton, which provides summer holiday clubs for mentally and physically disabled children. Each place at the summer club costs 475 and Michael decided to raise money for Kingfisher after seeing how his younger sister Jade has benefited from the school. Margaret added: "Michael has always gone through life with a very positive attitude and this is one of the goals he wants to achieve. He has been training very hard for this and I am very proud of him, we would really appreciate it if a local business or organisation would like to sponsor him to help the two great causes he is running for." Anyone who would like to sponsor Michael can contact Margaret on 0161 624 6427. If you feel we have made an error in a report, or have fallen below our usual high standards, please write in the first instance to: Rob Irvine, editor, Manchester Evening News, Mitchell Henry House, Hollinwood Avenue, Chadderton, Oldham OL9 8EP. Free morning newspaper, The Metro, published every weekday, is also part of our portfolio, delivering more than 200,000 readers in Greater Manchester. Greater Manchester Business Week is the region's number one provider of business news andfeatures, targeting a bespoke business audience with 12,687 copies every Thursday.
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